Avoiding “navigation” as an issue that shipwrecks Indonesia’s relationships with the status quo sea powers

<p dir="ltr">This report explores the historical and strategic nature of the differences between Indonesia and the major maritime states, focusing on their differing views on freedom of navigation in archipelagic waters. It describes three historic cases where these divergences have flared to become diplomatic incidents, and it examines points of friction that could adversely impact Indonesia’s future relationships with status quo sea powers. It concludes with recommendations to the latter such that they may preserve their interests and advance cooperation with Indonesia while avoiding the elements of “navigation” issues that could otherwise shipwreck those relationships.</p>