La Trobe

Why sequence all eukaryotes?

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posted on 2022-02-11, 04:13 authored by M Blaxter, JM Archibald, AK Childers, JA Coddington, KA Crandall, F Di Palma, R Durbin, SV Edwards, Jennifer GravesJennifer Graves, KJ Hackett, N Hall, ED Jarvis, RN Johnson, EK Karlsson, WJ Kress, S Kuraku, MKN Lawniczak, K Lindblad-Toh, JV Lopez, NA Moran, GE Robinson, OA Ryder, B Shapiro, PS Soltis, T Warnow, G Zhang, HA Lewin
Life on Earth has evolved from initial simplicity to the astounding complexity we experience today. Bacteria and archaea have largely excelled in metabolic diversification, but eukaryotes additionally display abundant morphological innovation. How have these innovations come about and what constraints are there on the origins of novelty and the continuing maintenance of biodiversity on Earth? The history of life and the code for the working parts of cells and systems are written in the genome. The Earth BioGenome Project has proposed that the genomes of all extant, named eukaryotes-about 2 million species-should be sequenced to high quality to produce a digital library of life on Earth, beginning with strategic phylogenetic, ecological, and high-impact priorities. Here we discuss why we should sequence all eukaryotic species, not just a representative few scattered across the many branches of the tree of life.We suggest that many questions of evolutionary and ecological significance will only be addressable when whole-genome data representing divergences at all of the branchings in the tree of life or all species in natural ecosystems are available. We envisage that a genomic tree of life will foster understanding of the ongoing processes of speciation, adaptation, and organismal dependencies within entire ecosystems. These explorations will resolve long-standing problems in phylogenetics, evolution, ecology, conservation, agriculture, bioindustry, and medicine.

History

Publication Date

2022-01-25

Journal

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volume

119

Issue

4

Pagination

9 p.

Publisher

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

ISSN

0027-8424

Rights Statement

Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. The Author reserves all moral rights over the deposited text and must be credited if any re-use occurs. This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).

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