Open Access. The published version of this work has been reproduced here with permission of AJOE Editor. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Permission to reproduce this article must be sought from Author(s) and the Outdoor Council of Australia. This article was first published in Australian Journal of Outdoor Education, 9(1): 31-39 2005 by the Outdoor Council of Australia. Copyright (2005) Author(s) and the Outdoor Council of Australia.