La Trobe

Mesoporous Activated Carbon from Bamboo Waste via Microwave-Assisted K2CO3 Activation: Adsorption Optimization and Mechanism for Methylene Blue Dye

Download (5.97 MB)
journal contribution
posted on 2023-06-15, 04:42 authored by KF Azlan Zahari, UK Sahu, T Khadiran, Siti Norasmah SuripSiti Norasmah Surip, ZA ALOthman, AH Jawad
Bamboo waste (BW) was activated with a K2CO3 precursor in a microwave process for the adsorption of MB dye from an aqueous solution. The prepared bamboo-waste-activated carbon (BWAC) was analyzed by instrumental techniques such as FTIR, SEM, and BET analysis. The surface of the BWAC was mesoporous with a surface area of 107.148 m2/g. The MB dye removal was optimized with the three variables of adsorbent dose, pH, and contact time using the Box–Behnken design (BBD) model. Up to 87% of MB was removed in the optimized conditions of adsorbent dose of 0.08 g/100 mL, pH of 7.62, time of 8 min, and concentration of 50 mg/L. Here, the most effective parameter for MB removal was found to be adsorbent dose with an F-value of 121.70, while time and pH showed a smaller effect. The maximum adsorption capacity of BWAC in the optimized conditions was found to be 85.6 mg/g. The adsorption of MB on BWAC’s surface was through chemisorption and a spontaneous process. The adsorption mechanism study showed that three types of interactions are responsible for the removal of MB dye from aqueous solutions by BWAC, i.e., electrostatic interactions, H-bonding, and pi–pi interactions. Hence, BWAC can be considered a highly efficient adsorbent for MB removal from wastewater.

Funding

This research was funded by Saudi Arabia Project No. (RSP-2021/1). King Saud University, Riyadh.

History

Publication Date

2022-11-23

Journal

Separations

Volume

9

Issue

12

Article Number

390

Pagination

19p.

Publisher

Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)

ISSN

2227-9075

Rights Statement

© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Usage metrics

    Journal Articles

    Licence

    Exports

    RefWorks
    BibTeX
    Ref. manager
    Endnote
    DataCite
    NLM
    DC