Knowledge and perceptions around self-management of type 2 diabetes among a Sudanese community in Australia: A qualitative study

Abstract: Issue addressed: People from Sudanese background are more likely to be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) as compared to the general population. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of migrants from Sudan to Australia. However, there is a dearth of research exploring the perceptions and experiences of self-management strategies for diabetes among this migrant Sudanese population residing in Australia. This study aims to explore these experiences and perceptions as well as to identify cultural aspects related to T2D self-management strategies for people from this migrant group. Methods: A qualitative study using semi-structured in-depth interviews with Sudanese participants (n = 12) living with T2D was conducted in Melbourne, Australia. Results: The thematic analysis found barriers to self-management of diabetes to include language differences, the burden of self-management, difficulties in accommodating traditional dietary practices in self-management, as well as the expectations of familial and social obligations. Enablers included positive relationships with health professionals, support networks, involvement in religion and adopting traditional remedies. Conclusions: This study found cultural considerations, such as incorporating traditional dietary practices and familial obligations into self-management, to be the most significant influence for this group of Sudanese participants in the way they managed their diabetes. So what: This study highlights the need for culturally appropriate provision of health services and resources for Sudanese people with T2D while recognising the value placed on traditional food choices. Importantly, the collectivist Sudanese culture must be considered for any future development and implementation of health promotion strategies.