Geographical variations in cancer nursing education and practice across Australia: A cross-sectional study

Problem: Patients and health systems rely on a skilled and available cancer nursing workforce to deliver quality nursing care to optimise cancer outcomes. Understanding the education, qualifications, and roles of cancer nurses across Australia is an essential aspect of effective service planning. Aim: To explore the associations between the geographical location of cancer nurses and their education, qualifications, roles, activities, and scope of practice.

Methods: A cross-sectional electronic survey was distributed through the Cancer Nurses Society Australia membership and social media platforms from October 2021 to February 2022. The self-report survey captured demographics, education, qualifications, roles, scope of practice, and salary. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were used to summarise and report the findings. Findings: Responses were received from 930 nurses. Most identified as female (94%), lived in metropolitan areas (69%), worked in dedicated cancer centres (79%), and in the public sector (69%). While 80% had more than 10 years of nursing experience and 70% possessed postgraduate qualifications, 58% indicated their intention to remain in the profession for 10 years or less. Roles, pay, education, and activities varied across regions, states, and territories, with regional nurses more likely to be involved in multiple activities and roles compared with their metropolitan counterparts.

Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of understanding geographic variations within the cancer nursing workforce to formulate strategies aimed at enhancing workforce sustainability and, consequently, patient outcomes. Addressing disparities in education and opportunities for career advancement is crucial to ensuring equitable access to quality cancer care nationwide.