A systematic review on research utilising artificial intelligence for open source intelligence (OSINT) applications

Oakley Browne, Thomas; Abedin, Mohammad; Chowdhury, Mohammad Jabed Morshed

doi:10.26181/26536642.v1

A systematic review on research utilising artificial intelligence for open source intelligence (OSINT) applications

journal contribution

posted on 2024-08-12, 03:02 authored by Thomas Oakley BrowneThomas Oakley Browne, Mohammad Abedin, Mohammad Jabed Morshed ChowdhuryMohammad Jabed Morshed Chowdhury

This paper presents a systematic review to identify research combining artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms with Open source intelligence (OSINT) applications and practices. Currently, there is a lack of compilation of these approaches in the research domain and similar systematic reviews do not include research that post dates the year 2019. This systematic review attempts to fill this gap by identifying recent research. The review used the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses and identified 163 research articles focusing on OSINT applications leveraging AI algorithms. This systematic review outlines several research questions concerning meta-analysis of the included research and seeks to identify research limitations and future directions in this area. The review identifies that research gaps exist in the following areas: Incorporation of pre-existing OSINT tools with AI, the creation of AI-based OSINT models that apply to penetration testing, underutilisation of alternate data sources and the incorporation of dissemination functionality. The review additionally identifies future research directions in AI-based OSINT research in the following areas: Multi-lingual support, incorporation of additional data sources, improved model robustness against data poisoning, integration with live applications, real-world use, the addition of alert generation for dissemination purposes and incorporation of algorithms for use in planning.

History

Publication Date

2024-08-01

Journal

International Journal of Information Security

Volume

23

Issue

4

Pagination

28p. (p. 2911-2938)

Publisher

Springer Nature

ISSN

1615-5262

Rights Statement

© The Author(s) 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.